Mongolica Pragensia ’15 Ethnolinguistics, Sociolinguistics, Religion and Culture
Volume 8, No. 1 (2015)
Special Issue On the Occasion of the 65th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations between Czechoslovakia and Mongolia
This special issue was prepared by Alena Oberfalzerova, Veronika Kapišovska and Veronika Zikmundova
Editors
Editors-in-chief: Jaroslav Vacek and Alena Oberfalzerova
Editorial Board:
Daniel Berounsky (Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic)
Agata Bareja-Starzyńska (University of Warsaw, Poland)
Katia Buffetrille (Ecole pratique des Hautes-Etudes, Paris, France)
J. Lubsangdorji (Charles University Prague, Czech Republic)
Marie-Dominique Even (Centre National des Recherches Scientifiques, Paris, France)
Veronika Kapišovska (Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic)
Marek Mejor (University of Warsaw, Poland)
Tsevel Shagdarsurung (National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)
Domiin Tomortogoo (National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)
Veronika Zikmundova (Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic)
English correction: Dr. Mark Corner (HUB University, Brussels),
Rachel Mikos (Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic)
Institute of South and Central Asia, Seminar of Mongolian and Tibetan Studies
Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague
Celetna 20, 116 42 Praha 1, Czech Republic
http://ujca.ff.cuni.cz/UJCA-134.html
Publisher: Stanislav Juhaňak – TRITON
Vykaňska 5, 100 00 Praha 10
Registration number of MK ČR E 18436
ISSN 1803-5647
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CONTENTS
Address of His Excellency Mr. Zumberellkham Dorjdamba (Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of Mongolia in the Czech Republic)
Pax Mongolica or Pax Mongolorum
Tsevel Shagdarsuren(g) (Centre for Mongol Studies, International University of Ulaanbaatar)
E-mail:
Postal address:
Central P.O.B. 839
Ulaanbaatar-15160, Mongolia
In his brief article the author provides the following main points: The idea of Pax Mongolica was related to the name of Professor and Polish mongolist W. Kotwicz. Scholars have been considering the idea that Pax Mongolica / Pax Mongolorum was first mentioned in the official letter from Il Khan Oljeyitu to the French King Phillip the Fair in 1305. It can be concluded that this idea was the main method of implementing the Pax Mongolica or the Mongolian traditional policy of external and internal relations (Language and Writing Tolerance, Religious Tolerance, and Living Tolerance) and official letters and documents from the Hun Monarchy period to the Great Mongol Empire of Chinggis and the Yuan Dynasty show that this has been Mongolian State Policy from even before the 14th century.
How the initial letter h was marked in the transcription of the Uighur-Mongolian original of the SHM and subsequently in its Chinese transcription
J. Lubsangdorji (Charles University in Prague)
E-mail:
Postal address:
Institute of South and Central Asia,
Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague,
nám. J. Palacha 2, 116 38 Prague 1, Czech Republic
This paper is an attempt to correct an opinion which I had proposed some years back. Originally, I had suggested that the so-called титэм/титим (‘crown’), which always appears as the beginning tooth at the head of a word before the vowel in the Uighur-Mongolian script, actually represented the consonant h. My revised opinion is that in the Uighur-Mongolian original of the SHM, the initial consonant h was marked by the signs ḥēth and kāph.
A review of bird names and terms present in The Secret History of the Mongols
D. Otgontuya (National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)
E-mail: ;
Personal website: www.muetamongolia.mn
Postal address: POB: 23/760
Ulaanbaatar 16092, Mongolia
S. Gombobaatar (National University of Mongolia, Mongolian Ornithological Society, Mongolia)
E-mail: ;
Personal website: www.mos.mn
Postal address: POB: 537
Ulaanbaatar 210646 A, Mongolia
There has been a long tradition of training and using birds symbolizing strength such as a hawk, falcon and eagle for hunting purposes in the Mongolian culture. These birds were often exchanged as ceremonial gifts among tribes and countries for centuries. In this article, we studied in detail bird names and phrases related to them, analyzed their English translations and suggested our versions. The bird names and terms in the Secret History of the Mongols /hereafter SHM/ do not indicate any particular species. Therefore, it is difficult to define some of them from the ornithological point of view due to the lack of sufficient information. Some bird names cannot be translated into English. Thus, it is recommendable to use their transcriptions, such as turumtai, qayiruqana and qarambai.
Unpleasantness and contentment as experienced by the Mongolian nomads III. Fear of humans and their activities, Part 2
Alena Oberfalzerova (Charles University in Prague)
E-mail: ;
Postal address:
Institute of South and Central Asia,
Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague,
nám. J. Palacha 2, 116 38 Prague 1, Czech Republic
This paper continues the topic first considered in my paper in Mongolo-Tibetica ’08 (Oberfalzerova 2008a), which discussed the sources of contentment among Mongolian nomads, particularly in relation to the homeland, the place which is permanently linked to every individual. The topic was further discussed in two papers in Mongolo-Tibetica ’12, ’13, ’14 which were devoted to the most elementary cause of unpleasantness, namely, so far as the nomads were concerned, the fear of ‘living Nature’ (Oberfalzerova 2012), the fear of animals, especially wild animals (Oberfalzerova 2013) and the fear of humans and their activities (Oberfalzerova 2014). In the following paper I will also discuss the fear of humans and their activities, but in this second part I will concentrate particularly on the fear arising in connection with the dead, with burials and burial places, and on the way this is reflected by language.
Verbal markers of the plurality of participants in Kalmyk
Sofia Oskolskaya (Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
E-mail:
Personal website: http://iling.spb.ru/nord/persona/oskolskaya.html
Postal address:
Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Tuchkov per., 9., Sankt-Petersburg, 199053, Russia
In this article I discuss means of expression of plurality, mainly the plurality of participants, in Kalmyk. In the first part of the article the notion of the verbal plurality is defined and the basic types of situation with plural participants are described. In the second part of this paper three verbal suffixes which express this meaning are described based on questionnaries. The material in the third part is based on the texts collected during expeditions. The real use of these markers in the Kalmyk discourse is described.
Dravidian and Altaic ‘to bind, sew, weave; thread, net, rope’: selected lexemes in the context of previously established parallels. I. Initial vowels
Jaroslav Vacek (Charles University in Prague)
E-mail:
Postal address:
Institute of South and Central Asia,
Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague,
nám. J. Palacha 2, 116 38 Prague 1, Czech Republic
In the context of previous work on the lexical parallels between Dravidian and Altaic, the paper lists several groups of lexemes with the meaning ‘to bind, sew, weave; thread, net’ – (select samples below) – , which are comparable formally (for the varied phonetic correspondences, cf. the author’s previous papers) and semantically. This group of lexemes appears to be another confirmation of the previously proposed preliminary general interpretation of these parallels in terms of an early language contact. In the first part we compare the initial front and back vowels and the initial a-, followed mainly by a liquid (with some typical ‘variations’, cerebral liquids and sibilants, occasionally also stops; cf. below).
Review Section
Svantesson J.-O., 2012, Cornelius Rahmn’s Kalmuck Dictionary. Turcologica 93. Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 2012, 199 pp.; Paperback, price: 38,00 EUR; ISBN 978‑3‑447‑06690‑7 – Reviewed by Veronika Kapišovska
E-mail:
Postal address:
Institute of South and Central Asia,
Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague,
nám. J. Palacha 2, 116 38 Prague 1, Czech Republic
Mongolica Pragensia ´15 Vol. 8, No. 1 (2015)